Likhamphani tsa semiconductor tsa Amerika li ke ke tsa sebelisa chelete ho haha ​​​​lifektheri tse tsoetseng pele Chaena kapa ho etsa li-chip bakeng sa 'maraka oa Amerika.
Likhamphani tsa semiconductor tsa Amerika tse amohelang likhothaletso tsa CHIPS le Science Act tsa $280 bilione li tla thibeloa ho tsetela Chaena. Litaba tsa morao-rao li tsoa ho Mongoli oa Khoebo Gina Raimondo ka kotloloho, ea ileng a tsebisa baqolotsi ba litaba White House maobane.
CHIPS, kapa Molao oa Likhothaletso tse Molemo tsa ho Etsa Lihlahisoa tsa Semiconductor oa Amerika, o ne o le $52 bilione ea $280 bilione 'me ke karolo ea boiteko ba mmuso oa kopanelo ba ho tsosolosa tlhahiso ea li-semiconductor tsa malapeng United States, e saletseng morao ho Taiwan le Chaena.
Ka lebaka leo, lik'hamphani tsa theknoloji tse fumanang lichelete tsa 'muso oa federal tlas'a Molao oa CHIPS li tla thibeloa ho etsa khoebo Chaena ka lilemo tse leshome. Raimondo o hlalositse mohato ona e le "terata ea ho netefatsa hore batho ba fumanang lichelete tsa CHIPS ba ke ke ba sokela ts'ireletso ea naha."
"Ha ba dumellwa ho sebedisa tjhelete ena ho tsetela Chaena, ba ke ke ba ntshetsa pele theknoloji e tswetseng pele Chaena, mme ba ke ke ba romela theknoloji ya moraorao kantle ho naha." ".result."
Thibelo ena e bolela hore lik'hamphani li ke ke tsa sebelisa chelete ho haha ​​​​lifeme tse tsoetseng pele Chaena kapa ho hlahisa li-chip bakeng sa 'maraka oa Amerika naheng e ka bochabela. Leha ho le joalo, lik'hamphani tsa theknoloji li ka atolosa bokhoni ba tsona ba tlhahiso ea li-chip Chaena feela haeba lihlahisoa li reretsoe 'maraka oa Chaena feela.
“Haeba ba nka chelete mme ba etsa leha e le efe ea tsena, re tla khutlisa chelete eo,” Raimondo o arabile moqolotsi e mong oa litaba. Raimondo o tiisitse hore lik'hamphani tsa Amerika li ikemiselitse ho latela lithibelo tse behiloeng.
Lintlha le lintlha tse qaqileng tsa lithibelo tsena li tla etsoa qeto ka Hlakola 2023. Leha ho le joalo, Raimondo o hlalositse hore leano ka kakaretso le potoloha ho sireletsa ts'ireletso ea naha ea United States. Ka hona, ha ho hlake hore na lik'hamphani tse seng li tsetetse Chaena le ho phatlalatsa tlhahiso e atolositsoeng ea li-node naheng li lokela ho ikhula mererong ea tsona.
"Re tlo hira batho ba bileng ba buisanang ka thata lefapheng la poraefete, ke litsebi indastering ea li-semiconductor, 'me re tlo buisana ka tumellano e le' ngoe ka nako 'me re behe khatello lik'hamphaning tsena ho re paka - re hloka hore ba etse joalo mabapi le ho senola lichelete, ba re pake mabapi le matsete a capital - ba re pakele hore chelete e hlile ea hlokahala ho etsa letsete leo."
Ho tloha ha molao o sa tloaelehang oa mahlakore a mabeli, Molao oa Chip, o saennoe hore e be molao ka Phato, Micron e phatlalalitse hore e tla tsetela $40 bilione tlhahisong ea Amerika qetellong ea lilemo tse leshome.
Qualcomm le GlobalFoundries li phatlalalitse tšebelisano-'moho ea $4.2 bilione ho matlafatsa tlhahiso ea li-semiconductor setsing sa morao-rao sa New York. Pejana, Samsung (Texas le Arizona) le Intel (New Mexico) li phatlalalitse matsete a libilione tsa lidolara lifekthering tsa chip.
Ho $52 bilione e abetsoeng Molao oa Chip, $39 bilione e ea ho khothaletsa tlhahiso, $13.2 bilione e ea ho R&D le nts'etsopele ea basebetsi, 'me $500 milione e setseng e ea mesebetsing ea ketane ea phepelo ea li-semiconductor. E boetse e hlahisitse mokitlane oa lekhetho la matsete oa 25% ho litšenyehelo tsa motse-moholo tse sebelisoang ho hlahisa li-semiconductor le lisebelisoa tse amanang le tsona.
Ho ea ka Mokhatlo oa Indasteri ea Semiconductor (SIA), tlhahiso ea li-semiconductor ke indasteri ea $555.9 bilione e tla bula fensetere e ncha ka 2021, ka 34.6% ($192.5 bilione) ea chelete eo e eang Chaena. Leha ho le joalo, bahlahisi ba Chaena ba ntse ba itšetlehile ka meralo le theknoloji ea li-semiconductor tsa US, empa tlhahiso ke taba e fapaneng. Tlhahiso ea li-semiconductor e hloka lilemo tsa liketane tsa phepelo le lisebelisoa tse turang joalo ka litsamaiso tse feteletseng tsa lithography tsa ultraviolet.
Ho hlola mathata ana, mebuso ea linaha tse ling, ho kenyeletsoa le mmuso oa Chaena, e kopantse indasteri mme e fana ka likhothaletso tse tsoelang pele bakeng sa tlhahiso ea li-chip, e leng se ileng sa fella ka ho fokotseha ha bokhoni ba tlhahiso ea li-semiconductor tsa US ho tloha ho 56.7% ka 2013 ho ea ho 43.2% ka 2021. Leha ho le joalo, tlhahiso ea li-chip tsa US e etsa karolo ea 10 lekholong feela ea kakaretso ea lefats'e.
Molao oa Chip le mehato ea thibelo ea matsete ea Chaena le tsona li thusitse ho ntlafatsa tlhahiso ea li-chip tsa US. Ka 2021, 56.7% ea metheo ea tlhahiso ea lik'hamphani tse nang le ntlo-kholo ea US e tla be e le linaheng tse ling, ho latela SIA.
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